SCENE from Halas & Batchelor's
1954, full-feature animated version of Animal Farm
Here are the handouts for your reading in Orwell's Animal Farm:
Remember the open book/open notes quiz on Friday, March 2nd!
Happy reading!....
It is easy to see how the phrase ‘to each according to their needs’ will abolish an aspect of disability. If we produce for need rather than profit there is no reason why we should not chose to produce buildings, equipment, technologies and so on that are designed on the assumption that physical and psychological variation of all sorts is a normal part of human society and that it is right to take this fully into account when producing things for people to use.
Soviet society officially appeared to provide well for the welfare needs of citizens. Full employment was guaranteed and a universal social security system was administered through places of work. Health care, education and leisure activities were provided free of charge, and vast amounts of affordable public housing were available in purpose-built apartment blocks.
In his paper to the First International Conference of Social Work in Paris in 1928, Semachko stated that relief of the needy was the responsibility of the State.
“Any worker in need has the right to be assisted by the State in all cases: sickness, infirmity, old age, unemployment, or distress due to any cause whatsoever” (p. 533).
While vigorously opposing ‘parasitism and begging’, the principle duty of the State was to provide rehabilitation for all those who have found themselves, by chance, ‘eliminated from a life of normal work’. For those identified as entitled to assistance this, should be provided in the forms of pensions, institutional care and ‘special, vocational re-education’ to resume work.
Many felt the CONSTITUTION was sufficient and any document listing fundamental human rights was unnecessary and redundant. Alexander Hamilton suggested that "Bills of Rights are in their origins stipulations between KINGS and their SUBJECTS....abridgments of prerogatives in favor of privilege, reservation of rights not surrendered to the Prince, such as the Magna Carte" (Federalist Paper #84) -- and since we do not have such royal relations between our government ("WE the people...") and our citizens, we do not need such "stipulations between KINGS and their SUBJECTS". Some Founding Fathers even considered the Bill of Rights "Unnecessary and DANGEROUS"! "DANGEROUS" how? The fear was the Bill of Rights could contain exceptions not granted by the "Supreme Law of the Land" (the Constitution) to protect us from government - BUT since our government is made of US ("WE the people...") - why would we need a document to protect us from ourselves? James Wilson also suggested how could anyone enumerate ALL the rights of mankind? And what if we missed one - is it therefore no longer a right just because it did not make it on our "list"? There was also the fear that a Bill of Rights would imply that a national government could do ANYTHING it wished, just as long as it followed the "list". |
That all men are by nature equally free and independent and have certain inherent rights, of which, when they enter into a state of society, they cannot, by any compact, deprive or divest their posterity; namely, the enjoyment of life and liberty, with the means of acquiring and possessing property, and pursuing and obtaining happiness and safety. |
